Learn to build properly
Proper item building, aside from STAY BEHIND YOUR MINIONS, is one of the earliest lessons you’re likely to learn in League of Legends. This is mostly because it’s easy for other players to see your build and criticize any shocking departures from logic, though this has become somewhat less of a problem after Riot made it impossible to buy multiple boots.
Ever since Riot revamped the store with an improved suggestions page, you can follow their suggested build for a generally accepted set of items and stats.
You’ll also need to pay attention and build for your situation. There’s the basics: armor will be effective against a strong Attack Damage team and Magic Resistance will defend against powerful mages. More complex situations may dictate you give up a higher damage item for a niche piece like a Quicksilver Sash, which can be a save against high crowd control teams. Try to build for your needs, keep an eye on the enemy’s stats and build, and you’ll be well equipped to earn your ranks.